UNIT 2. STATES OF THE WORLD

1.              What is a state?

2.              What are the elements of a state?

3.              A synonym for border. Think about it.

4.              Explain the function of boundaries.

5.              Why are there disputes between states over territorial boundaries today?

6.              What is the population of a state?

7.              What’s a nation?

8.              Is country or state synonymous to nation? Why? Reflect on it.

9.              What rights do the democratic states guarantee to their citizens?

10.           Why does equality exist in democratic states?

11.           A state is sovereign when it creates laws and enforces them. Explain the process.

12.           What institutions enforce the state’s laws?

13.           Why do states use the violence against its citizens?

14.           Teacher must explain the “monopoly of violence”.

15.           Look at the large map. Which is the largest state in the world?

16.           Look at the large map. How many land-locked countries are there in Europe? What are their names?

17.           Look at the large map. Why do you think being ‘land-locked’ is a problem for some countries?

18.           Look at the large map. What is the common characteristic between Malaysia and the USA?

19.           What are the functions of the state?

20.           How do the states establish international relationships?

21.           Why do the laws exist?

22.           What are the basic services of a state?

23.           How does the welfare state work?

24.           How is the money from taxis used?

25.           Where do the social states exist?

26.           Why cannot many countries provide basic services to the majority of its population?

27.           What does Social spending include?

28.           What two types of expenditures cause the state budget deficit?

29.           What does democracy mean?

30.           We live in a country with millions of citizens. Can every citizen participate directly in government decisions? What is the solution for democracy to work?

31.           What are the characteristics of democratic elections?

32.           Why are democratic elections participative?

33.           Why are democratic elections periodic?

34.           How must parties’ behavior be after democratic elections?

35.           Why is the separation of powers necessary?

36.           What is a constitution? How does it work?

37.           What institution defends a person’s rights against the government?

38.           How does a dictatorship work?

39.           Name the characteristics of dictatorships.

40.           How does a flawed democracy work?

41.           How does a monarchy work?

42.           Are all republics democracies?

43.           How does a theocracy work?

44.           Name five free Asian countries in 2010.

45.           Name the European partially free countries in 2010.

46.           Name six free African countries in 2010.

47.           What American country is not free?

48.           Why do the states sign treaties, pacts and agreements?

49.           What types of conflicts exist between states?

50.           How can they be resolved?

51.           What was the main objective of the UN in its birth?

52.           What are the three UN’s problems to reach its objectives?

53.           What are the UN principal objectives?

54.           What is the function of UN resolutions?

55.           What could happen if a country ignores a UN resolution?

56.           Explain the Security Council of UN.

57.           Explain the specialized agencies and programmes implemented by the UN.

58.           Who forms the UN General Assembly?

59.           What are the three administrative levels? Why do they exist?

60.           What is the main competence of the state for you? Why?

61.           Who elects the city council members in Spain? Think about it.

62.           Look at the map page 22. Write the five countries with the greatest military spending.

UNIT 10. THE TERTIARY SECTOR

1.              Explain the tertiary sector.

2.              Explain the ‘tertiarization’ of economies in developed countries. Long answer.

3.              Who are services providers?

4.              What are the differences between traditional and advanced services?

5.              Mention the factors of dominance of the service sector in developed countries.

6.              Explain the tertiarization of industries.

7.              Why have services of developed countries been outsourced?

8.              What percentage of European jobs could be outsourced in the future?

9.              What are the Indian advantages to receive those jobs?

10.           What is the transport?

11.           Explain that is infrastructure.

12.           What are the economic functions of transport?

13.           What is the transport network? What elements form it?

14.           Name the types of transport networks.

15.           Explain the transport networks in developed countries.

16.           Explain the transport networks in less developed countries.

17.           Name the transport systems.

18.           What are the main disadvantages of road transport?

19.           Explain the rail transport.

20.           Look at the map. What towns must you cross in a rail trip from Chicago to El Paso? Name them.

21.           Look at the map. What part of United States has more roads?

22.           Look at the map. Name the main ports in Europe in alphabetical order.

23.           Look at the map. What continent has more main ports?

24.           Look at the map. What is the ocean with more commercial shipping routes?

25.           Why is the water transport less developed in Spain than in other European countries?

26.           Why are the airports very large and they occupy so much space?

27.           Why are the airports transport nodes?

28.           Where are the main air transport nodes located? Why?

29.           What European countries have more than 500 airports?

30.           What country in the world has the most airports?

31.           What is the first city in the world by total movements of freight and passengers?

32.           What is the first city in Europe by total movements of freight and passengers?

33.           What is attracted by the airports?

34.           What is trade?

35.           What are the main elements of trade?

36.           Explain domestic trade.

37.           Who is a wholesaler?

38.           Who is a retailer?

39.           What is foreign trade?

40.           What are imports?

41.           What are exports?

42.           What is the balance of trade?

43.           When is the balance of trade positive?

44.           When is the balance of trade negative?

45.           What are the main exports of developed countries?

46.           What are the main exports of less developed countries?

47.           Look at map 8. What are the main buyers of EU products? Think it.

48.           What is tourism?

49.           How was tourism before the mid-twentieth century?

50.           What are the three phases in development of contemporary tourism?

51.           What is the most common type of tourism?

52.           What are the reasons for the rapid growth of tourism in developed countries? Explain it.

53.           Mention the positive effects of tourism.

54.           Mention the negative effects of tourism.

55.           How are the jobs in the tourist sector?

56.           What are the main environmental impacts of tourism?

57.           Look at the map about world tourism. How many people visit China?

58.           Look at the map about world tourism. How many people visit Italy?

59.           Look at the map about world tourism. How many people visit France?

60.           Look at the map about world tourism. How many people visit Spain?

61.           Look at the map about world tourism. How many people visit United States?